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Cervical Cancer｜Cervical Cancer
1. Basic knowledge
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Cervical and uterine body cancers are the most common gynecological cancers Uterine cancer. Uterine body cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, occurs in the endometrium in the uterus, and the seat of fetal development is in the endometrium inside the uterine body.
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ On the other hand, cervical cancer occurs at the entrance of the uterus, here called for the cervix. Because it occurs near the entrance of the uterus, it is easy to be found, and it is easier to observe and check in ordinary gynecological examinations. In addition, if detected early, it is relatively easy to treat and has a good recovery, and it is difficult to treat after progression, so early detection is very important.
symptom:
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Cervical cancer is known to be cancer through a dysplastic condition, and Cancer cells are known to be abnormal (cancer cells are called atypical cells), and the condition of some cells can be found before going through cytological diagnostic examination. In other words, starting from asymptomatic, it can be detected early through gynecological examination or large-scale examination.
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Early stage cervical cancer is usually asymptomatic, recommended age over 20 years old, Uterine cancer screening every two years. Bleeding during menstruation or sexual activity is an unusual phenomenon, as well as increased menstrual flow or prolonged menstrual period, please seek medical attention as soon as possible, so that early detection can lead to relatively good recovery after treatment.
cause:
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Cervical cancer associated with human papillomavirus infection (HPV: Human Papillomavirus), is a sexually transmitted infection virus. HPV has been detected in more than 90% of cervical cancer patients. HPV infection itself is not uncommon, and it is thought that in many cases, HPV is eliminated even if infected. If HPV is not eliminated and the infection persists, there will be precancerous lesions of the cervix or partial development of cervical cancer. In addition, smoking is also considered a risk factor for cervical cancer.
2. Treatment method
(1) Surgery
Surgical treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia:
(1) Conization: Surgical removal of abnormal cone-shaped cells in cervical tissue.
(2) Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP, loop electrosurgical excision procedure): Abnormal cells are excised with a scalpel-like loop after electrification.
(3) Simple hysterectomy (hysterectomy): This operation is exactly the same as hysterectomy for general benign diseases (such as uterine fibroids and adenomyosis). Surgical methods can be divided into traditional open hysterectomy and laparoscopic hysterectomy. The attending physician will discuss the appropriate surgical approach with you. Laparoscopic surgery can be discharged after about 3-4 days, while laparotomy can be discharged after 5-6 days. (4) Hysterectomy: Hysterectomy is the standard operation for cervical cancer. Since the scope of resection is larger than that of simple hysterectomy, the operation time is longer and there are more complications.
side effect:
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Depending on the method of treatment and the extent of surgery, the course of treatment after treatment varies greatly . In the case of surgery, there are problems such as difficulty in exerting force on the lower abdomen and difficulty in going to the toilet when waking up. After the surgical wound is stabilized, the pain disappears and the range of motion can be expected to expand.
(2) Radiation therapy
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Radiation therapy is a combination of high energy X-rays and gamma rays To harm cancer cells, and reduce the effects of cancer, is a method of exposing radiation outside the body and irradiating the cervix (inner part) through the vagina (inside the cavity). Radiation therapy can be used to treat cancer, or as an adjunct to surgery. In both cases, simultaneous radiation and radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy (anticancer drug therapy) has been shown to be more effective for cervical cancer than radiation alone.
side effect:
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ about 20~40% of patients may cause transient reversible Mild symptoms, such as: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, frequent urination and irradiation of the affected area, dry itchy dark skin, these symptoms can be restored within one to three weeks after the end of radiotherapy; but after a few years, about 2 - 16% of patients may have chronic irreversible side effects, such as: cystitis, radiation proctitis, intestinal stickiness, etc.
(3) Chemotherapy
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Anticancer drug therapy for cervical cancer, mainly with distant metastasis or relapse. Several reports confirm the effectiveness of monotherapy or multidrug combination therapy mainly against platinum agents.
side effect:
_cc781905-5cde-319 4-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_ Anticancer drugs affect not only cancer cells but also normal cells, especially Mucous membranes such as hair, oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and other cells with vigorous metabolism are also easily affected, and side effects may occur such as hair loss, stomatitis, diarrhea, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. In addition, symptoms such as nausea, heart palpitations and arrhythmias can occur, and the liver and kidneys may also be damaged.
3. Rehabilitation
(1) There are no special restrictions on the diet, the important thing is a balanced diet.
(2) After leaving the hospital, your physical strength will decrease. Once you are tired, you should rest and avoid forcing yourself. It can start with walking and other exercises, and gradually increase according to the recovery of physical strength.
(3) Vaginectomy may cause sexual dysfunction.
For information on drugs related to cervical cancer, please refer to the Medical Assistant Blog
https://www.medicalsupporter.org/medicalblog/tag/cervical cancer